1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units of concentration in chemistry.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( mass \) — Mass of solute (grams)
• \( volume \) — Volume of solution (liters)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of solute (g/mol)

Explanation: The formula converts the mass of solute to moles using its molecular weight, then divides by the total volume of solution to get concentration.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions in laboratories, pharmaceutical preparations, and chemical reactions where precise concentrations are required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass of solute in grams, volume of solution in liters, and molecular weight in g/mol. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I find the molecular weight of a compound?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. For example, water (H₂O) has MW = (2×1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015 g/mol.

Q3: Can I use milliliters for volume?
A: Yes, but you must convert to liters (divide by 1000) before using in the formula since molarity is defined per liter.

Q4: Does this work for aqueous solutions only?
A: No, the formula works for any solvent, but water is the most common solvent in molarity calculations.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For most laboratory work, measure mass to at least 3 decimal places (mg precision) for accurate molarity calculations.