1. What is the Normal Gas Law?

The Normal Gas Law (also called Ideal Gas Law) describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature and moles of a gas. It combines several simpler gas laws into one comprehensive equation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Normal Gas Law equation:

Where:

• \( P \) — Pressure (atm)
• \( V \) — Volume (L)
• \( n \) — Moles of gas (mol)
• \( R \) — Gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)
• \( T \) — Temperature (K)

Explanation: The equation shows that for an ideal gas, the product of pressure and volume is proportional to the product of moles and absolute temperature.

3. Importance of the Gas Law

Details: The Normal Gas Law is fundamental in chemistry and physics, used to predict the behavior of gases under different conditions and in various calculations including stoichiometry and thermodynamics.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any three known variables and leave the fourth field empty. The calculator will solve for the missing variable. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are the units for each variable?
A: Pressure in atm, Volume in L, Moles in mol, Temperature in K. The gas constant R is 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K.

Q2: When does the ideal gas law not apply?
A: At high pressures or low temperatures where gas molecules interact significantly, or for real gases with complex molecular interactions.

Q3: How do I convert Celsius to Kelvin?
A: Add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature to get Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).

Q4: What is STP in gas calculations?
A: Standard Temperature and Pressure is 273.15 K (0°C) and 1 atm pressure.

Q5: Can I use this for mixtures of gases?
A: Yes, n represents the total moles of all gas particles in the mixture.