1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units of concentration in chemistry.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( n \) — Amount of solute (moles)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (liters)

Explanation: The formula calculates how concentrated a solution is by dividing the amount of solute (in moles) by the total volume of the solution (in liters).

3. Importance of Molarity

Details: Molarity is crucial in chemistry for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, performing stoichiometric calculations, and conducting titrations. It allows chemists to quantify exactly how much of a substance is present in a given volume of solution.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount of solute in moles and the volume of solution in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the molarity in mol/L (M).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature (due to volume changes), while molality doesn't.

Q2: What are typical molarity values?
A: Concentrations range from very dilute (e.g., 0.0001 M) to highly concentrated (e.g., 18 M for concentrated sulfuric acid).

Q3: How do I prepare a solution with specific molarity?
A: Dissolve the calculated moles of solute in less than the final volume, then dilute to exactly the desired volume.

Q4: Can molarity be used for gases?
A: Yes, for gases dissolved in liquids (like CO₂ in water), but not for gases by themselves.

Q5: What's the relationship between molarity and normality?
A: Normality accounts for reactive capacity. For acids/bases, normality = molarity × equivalents per mole.