1. What is H+ Concentration?

The hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]) is a measure of the acidity of a solution. It is inversely related to pH, which is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter (mol/L)
• \( pH \) — pH value (dimensionless, range 0-14)

Explanation: The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value.

3. Importance of pH and H+ Calculation

Details: Knowing the exact hydrogen ion concentration is crucial in chemistry, biology, medicine, and environmental science. It affects chemical reactions, biological functions, and material properties.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter a pH value between 0 and 14. The calculator will display the corresponding hydrogen ion concentration in both decimal and scientific notation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the H+ concentration of pure water?
A: Pure water at 25°C has a pH of 7, so [H+] = 10⁻⁷ = 0.0000001 mol/L.

Q2: How does temperature affect pH and H+ concentration?
A: The pH of neutral water changes with temperature, but this calculator assumes standard conditions (25°C).

Q3: What's the relationship between pH and pOH?
A: pH + pOH = 14 in aqueous solutions at 25°C. You can calculate [OH-] similarly using pOH.

Q4: Why is the pH scale logarithmic?
A: The logarithmic scale conveniently compresses the wide range of H+ concentrations (from ~1 to 10⁻¹⁴ mol/L) into a 0-14 scale.

Q5: What's the H+ concentration in strong acids?
A: For strong acids like HCl, [H+] approximately equals the acid concentration (e.g., 0.1 M HCl → pH ≈ 1 → [H+] ≈ 0.1 mol/L).