1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units in chemistry for quantifying solution concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( m \) — Mass of solute (g)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of solute (g/mol)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (L)

Explanation: The formula first converts mass to moles by dividing by molecular weight, then divides by volume to get concentration in moles per liter.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, which is critical for chemical reactions, biological assays, and pharmaceutical preparations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams, molecular weight in g/mol, and volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers. Molecular weight can be found on chemical labels or calculated from the periodic table.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I find molecular weight?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. For example, water (H₂O) has MW = 2(1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015 g/mol.

Q3: Can I use milliliters for volume?
A: Yes, but convert to liters first (divide by 1000) since molarity uses liters.

Q4: What if my solute is a liquid?
A: Convert volume to mass using density (mass = volume × density), then proceed with the calculation.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For most lab work, measure mass to at least 3 significant figures and use volumetric flasks for accurate volume measurements.