1. What is Dihybrid Cross Probability?

A dihybrid cross probability calculates the chance of offspring inheriting particular combinations of two traits from their parents. It's based on Mendel's law of independent assortment.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dihybrid cross probability formula:

Where:

• \( P \) — Probability (dimensionless)
• \( F \) — Favorable outcomes (1-16)

Explanation: In a dihybrid cross, there are 16 possible genotype combinations (4×4 Punnett square). The probability is the number of favorable combinations divided by 16.

3. Importance of Dihybrid Cross Calculation

Details: Understanding dihybrid crosses helps predict inheritance patterns, genetic probabilities, and is fundamental in genetics research and breeding programs.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the number of favorable outcomes (between 1-16). The calculator will compute the probability as a fraction and percentage.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between monohybrid and dihybrid crosses?
A: Monohybrid crosses track one trait (2×2 Punnett square), while dihybrid crosses track two traits simultaneously (4×4 Punnett square).

Q2: Why are there 16 possible combinations?
A: Each parent can produce 4 different gamete combinations for two traits, resulting in 4×4=16 possible offspring combinations.

Q3: What's the 9:3:3:1 ratio in dihybrid crosses?
A: This is the phenotypic ratio for two heterozygous traits: 9 with both dominant traits, 3 with each single dominant trait, and 1 with both recessive traits.

Q4: When does this calculation not apply?
A: When genes are linked (on the same chromosome) and don't assort independently, violating Mendel's law of independent assortment.

Q5: How can I visualize a dihybrid cross?
A: Using a 4×4 Punnett square showing all possible combinations of parental gametes for the two traits being studied.