1. What is the Activity Equation?

The activity equation (A = λN) calculates the number of radioactive decays per second (activity) based on the decay constant (λ) and the number of radioactive atoms (N). The result is given in becquerels (Bq), where 1 Bq = 1 decay per second.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the activity equation:

Where:

• \( A \) — Activity in becquerels (Bq)
• \( \lambda \) — Decay constant (1/s)
• \( N \) — Number of radioactive atoms

Explanation: The equation shows that activity is directly proportional to both the decay constant and the number of radioactive atoms present.

3. Importance of Activity Calculation

Details: Calculating activity is essential for radiation safety, nuclear medicine, radiometric dating, and understanding radioactive decay processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the decay constant in reciprocal seconds (1/s) and the number of radioactive atoms. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between half-life and decay constant?
A: The decay constant (λ) is related to half-life (t₁/₂) by λ = ln(2)/t₁/₂. You can convert between them.

Q2: What are typical activity values?
A: Activities range from a few Bq (natural background) to millions of Bq (medical isotopes) to TBq (industrial sources).

Q3: How does activity change over time?
A: Activity decreases exponentially over time according to A(t) = A₀e^(-λt), where A₀ is initial activity.

Q4: What's the difference between Bq and Ci?
A: 1 curie (Ci) = 3.7×10¹⁰ Bq. The becquerel is the SI unit, while the curie is the older traditional unit.

Q5: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: This assumes a single radioactive isotope with a constant decay rate. Mixed isotopes require more complex calculations.