1. What is the Orifice Equation?

The orifice equation calculates the required area of an orifice to achieve a specific flow rate of water given the head and discharge coefficient. It's commonly used in fluid mechanics and hydraulic engineering.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the orifice equation:

Where:

• \( A \) — Orifice area (m²)
• \( Q \) — Flow rate (m³/s)
• \( C \) — Discharge coefficient (dimensionless, typically 0.6-0.65)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s²)
• \( H \) — Head (m)

Explanation: The equation relates the flow rate through an orifice to the pressure head and orifice characteristics.

3. Importance of Orifice Size Calculation

Details: Accurate orifice sizing is crucial for proper flow control in pipes, tanks, and hydraulic systems. It affects system performance and efficiency.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in m³/s, discharge coefficient (typically 0.62 for sharp-edged orifices), and head in meters. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical discharge coefficient value?
A: For sharp-edged orifices, it's typically 0.62. Values range from 0.6 to 0.65 depending on orifice geometry.

Q2: What units should I use?
A: Use consistent SI units: m³/s for flow, meters for head, and the result will be in m².

Q3: Can this be used for other liquids?
A: The equation works for water. For other liquids, you'd need to account for different densities and viscosities.

Q4: What assumptions does this equation make?
A: It assumes steady, incompressible flow, no energy losses except through the orifice, and a uniform velocity profile.

Q5: How does orifice shape affect the calculation?
A: Shape primarily affects the discharge coefficient (C). Different shapes have different coefficient values.